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High Definition Video for Independent Filmmakers
A How To Guide for Digital Filmmakers
Welcome all! This is my blog to share my latest research,
thoughts, etc. on utilizing HD for independent filmmaking.

YES, I am available for consulting
Contact me at mike@hdforindies.com

All content copyright 2004-2007 Mike Curtis.

Friday, December 09, 2005

Reader Reports from DV Expo West, more on RED camera backers-UPDATED 


I couldn't be there, but got a bunch of reports in from DV Expo West today. UPDATE: More Reports at bottom - just keep reading! Here we go:

I asked the Panny rep a couple of questions about our favorite camera at the DV Expo in L.A. today.
Probably nothing you don't already know, but...

720 24p is native, but if you do 1080 24p you have to do it 29.97 and then remove the extra frames later. He said there are a couple of options, but the one I remember is to do PA and remove the extra frames during realtime capture just like their DV cams.

I asked two reps what the true native resolution was (960X1080? 1280X1080? 1440X1080?) and they both said "I don't know."

I asked one rep if the component out sends the signal out before adding compression and he said, "I should have that answer for you, but I don't."

He was pushing the P2 cards. I asked what the advantage of those was compared to the hard drive and he said: No moving parts, so it is quieter (better for sound recording) and consumes less power. So then I asked if the hard drive would be able to draw power from the camera and he didn't know.

-brian w


also, attached photo shows prototype firestore hard drive attached to the camera as well as the monitor they are pushing with it (see bottom left). 720 24p looked a little funky on that monitor...


John August (yeah, that one) wrote in:

Hi Mike,

I just got back from downtown. The Expo was fine. It didn't seem as busy/overwhelming as last year, but that may have been because I went early, and I know a helluva lot more this time. (That is, I could safely ignore about 80% of the systems.)

I really wanted to see the HVX-200, and there it was, right inside the door. They had four of them on the floor that you could touch, one of which was over at the Focus/Firestore booth.

I'm not a shooter, but I certainly didn't find anything objectionable about the camera. I always find those staged, lit setups with models a little ridiculous, because most cameras are going to look pretty good under those optimum conditions.

I asked the Panasonic guy about the FS-100 they had mounted on one of the cameras (on top, where you'd put a light). Specifically, I wanted to know if the FS was getting exactly what the P2 got, or something different. He said the FS didn't get all the meta-data, but couldn't really elaborate. (He wasn't the main dude, so I didn't press him.)

I asked the guy at the Focus/Firestore booth, who said it did in fact get all the metadata, in the same wrapper as the P2. It didn't, however, have the handy thumbnails in the viewer when working this way. He said the FS-100 would ship at the end of March, available through Panasonic. The way he said it, it sounded like Focus was building them for Panasonic, more than just a casual partnership.

Then at the Panasonic presentation, the woman (the same rep I saw a few months ago) said specifically that the FS-100 would generate thumbnails by the time it ships. Which seems challenging, based on what I saw, because the unit just hooks into the FireWire port. (The camera would need to know a lot about the external device.) Maybe the thumbnail stuff is really stored on the P2 card and refers out to the stuff on the FS-100.

I don't expect we'll really know until March.

The rep talked about availability, saying that while some of the preorders might be filled in Dec/Jan, it would be February before it was in a lot of people's hands. The 8G P2 cards are scarce. One guy asked if it would make sense to buy the 4G version to get it faster, and she nodded.

Nothing else all that exciting, though I did like the Fig Rig, which is a hand-holding unit that looks like a steering wheel, with the camera mounted in the middle.

Hope you're well,

--John


I'm good, John, but not as well as you - congrats on the Grammy nomination!

Best company name (Screaming Poodle Productions) had this to say:

Hi I went last night and oddly, Sony was no where to be seen. They did have a few vegas boxes around but no camera booth at all. Have they surrendered? Are they admitting that their HDV camera is not the shit? Seems strange.

Mark Weatherbe
Screaming Poodle Entertainment


other tidbits from around the world:
- HVX200 1080p comes in as 1080i with Advanced Pulldown applied on a 1080i datastream (that's how your 1080i DVCPRO HD codec will handle it)
-PhotoJPEG QuickTime codec set to EXACTLY 75% is lossless 4:2:2 codec, above and beyond that it does 4:4:4 (but 76% is compressed, etc.)
-looks like Jim Jannard of Oakley might be behind the RED camera stuff - the website info leads back to Oakley as the commenters on my prior article pointed out, and over on the CML 2K 4:4:4 list some folks are pointing specific fingers at Jannard. It has been pointed out on CML that if you look at Jim Jannard's personal website, he's clearly into photography and cameras, and the fonts (typefaces) look similar to red.com's as well.
UPDATED/NEW MATERIAL FRIDAY:

More info on the P2 based Panasonic HVX200:
-the Mac PCMCIA slots will now read the P2 cards with drivers that Panasonic will ship with the camera.
-the current version of FCP does not support Panasonic P2 import from the camera, even though it is a menu option. However, when the camera is released, Apple will release an update to FCP (5.0.4) and THAT will support P2 import. We got the footage, but were unable to import it into our systems, and the Rep said "you need the latest version of FCP 5." We had that. 5.0.3. "Oh, we have 5.0.4...oh...it is a beta. OK..."

Another report on the HVX200, this one not so optimistic:

Hi Mike,

Long time reader of the blog, just wanted to chime in briefly about the HVX.

Let me just say, it's a neat camera, but I'm disturbed that it has more obvious compression artifacts than is being disclosed. I was able to shoot just a few clips from the camera in both 720p 24 and 1080 60i and record them off of a P2 card, and burned to CD from a powerbook. The images were of typical expo traffic (CU's of attendees faces, unflattering, dim lighting of course, but what can you do there?) near a booth. If you look at these native DVCPRO HD clips (exported from FCP via "make movie self-contained" export i.e.: no recompression) you can see that the compression is rather atrocious. Look at HVX720-2.mov and notice the blockiness and mush in the girls hair. To my eyes, it's rather extreme.

The clips were shot with Odb gain. Not sure what all the other settings were, but I'm pretty sure it was a default preset. Non cine-gamma I think.

It'll be interesting to see more native footage from the early adopters. I think it's not nearly as clean as the H1. Man, now that made a beautiful image. Very Cinealta-like in 24F mode. Poor man's F900 for sure, but damn! A very good imitation.

Thanks,

Barlow


The Two Minute Drill MP3 thingy I listen to every day has coverage on the HVX200 and the packages it'll be bundled with

Little Frog in HiDef went to the expo and saw the HVX200 and also got all joyous about the HDV output capability of the Kona LHe, and got excited that he could output his 720p23.98 over HD-SDI to 720p59.94:

It will take my 720p24 DVCPRO HD timeline running at 23.98 and output that as 10-bit uncompressed 59.94...in realtime...through the card. Realtime hardware upconvert. No need for dropping into a 10-bit timeline and rendering...it just does it.


This is NOT news, or unique - the Kona 2, as well as numerous BlackMagic DeckLink HD projects, can do this as well. He says the Kona2 can't do this - again not true, I've done it myself on ours. This is NOT "upconverting" - be careful what terms you use.

he then goes on about using the analog inputs to capture 720p24 footage as 720p60 via the component analog inputs, and capture it as DVCPRO HD. THIS IS COOL. Unfortunately, it gives you no way to extract your 24p frames that I'm aware of, and even AJA calls it best for offline work, not online work - this is HDV retranscoded to DVCPRO HD after suffering a digital to analog to digital conversion. While it functionally works, and is better than nothing, not optimal. Offline this way, yes, but online recapture uncompressed. THEN somewhere in there figure out how to extract your 24p from your 60p signal if you want a 24p master for non-broadcast usage.



-mike
Comments:
Yeah I'm here in at the expo my self. Lots of goodies to look at. I love the new canon myself.
 
They're pulling your leg about PhotoJPEG Mike - The PhotoJPEG codec can't do lossless - even at 100% quality it is a lossy codec. At 100% quality only it is a 4:4:4 codec and at 99% and below it is a 4:2:2 codec.
 
MARTIN - email me about this, I want to get it right. mike at hdforindies dot com
 
martin is right...

PhotoJPEG at 100% is 4:4:4 lossy
PhotoJPEG at 99% and below is 4:2:2 lossy
Jpeg2000 at 100% is lossless (but uses lots of CPU power, so no good for .mov's)

PNG is lossless too btw, but in the quicktime container it handles only 8bit too.
PNG at 16bit can be a great for images sequences, i had BW footage that needed 25% less storage as PNG than as LZW compressed tiff.
++ christoph ++
 
This Forbes article says it all:

"Oakley Sees Red"

Funny it was published in 2001! :)
 
I think PhotoJPEG is 4:2:2 up to 75% and then 76%-100% is 4:4:4. It is never lossless but can be described as visually lossless. Keep in mind it is an RGB codec.
 
I'm gonna have to contact my AJA guy again. He confirmed the Kona 2 doesn't upconvert 720p24 to uncompressed 10-bit. But I had to ask him 3 times about the LH...I wouldn't believe it.
 
went to the expo yesterday - have to admit, the canon was pretty friggin' sweet. I was dissapointed in the footage from the hvx, but really impressed with the canon.
 
hmm.. photo-jpeg seems to be a tricky one, i did some digging and the most reliable source i could find was http://codecs.onerivermedia.com :

[quote]
Photo JPEG @ 75% Quality
Version 6.0.2
Bit depth per Component: 8-bit (24-bit)
White Count: 268,542
Render 2.7 MB

PhotoJPEG at its highest 100% quality setting is actually a 4:4:4 codec. When reduced down to 75%, it switches to 4:2:2 to help with the compression scheme. So why is it included here? The AJA Kona SD and Blackmagic Design DeckLink use this codec at 75% quality for its default offline compressed mode and with good reason. Virtually no banding in the gradients and average mosquito edging on the RGB colors. The compression artifacts are really only noticeable in the NTSC color bars and a little in the color filter test. And look at the x10 generation test... almost a pixel-perfect copy of the first generation! It actually passes through generations better than Kona's own 10-bit Trillions codec. Amazing! And look at that file size! Only 2.7 MB per second! That's better bandwidth (and way better quality) than DV can ever dream of. This codec truly can pass for an online codec with no problem. Best part is this codec is free to any QuickTime user, can be used on any platform and runs great even on PowerBooks.
[/quote]

anyway, so i got curious and and took a 16bit sample still and messed away...
first surprise: it does matter which application you use.. export as .mov from QT and render out through shake to a QT mov with P-Jpeg results in nearly identical file sizes, but different compression (QT is softer, the shake render shows sharp artefacts).. the QT export is very accuate at 100% (at the expense of low compression)

second: there is no big change in compression scheme between 75% and 76% compression, file sizes are very similar too.

third: how could jpeg be 4:2:2 anyway? it's an RGB codec afterall. would be strange to design a codec that switches to YUV at a certain point, even more so for a codec that was designed for photos.

as a side note, export to the normal jpeg codec in shake results in much smaller files which are much softer (even at 100%).. saving jpegs in photoshop (through Save for Web, ie NOT the P-JPEG codec) again is sharper than QT, but with more pronounced artifacts.

gotta sleep over this one, maybe i'm missing something obvious
++ chris ++

ps: if anybody at apple is reading this, *please* redesign the quality slider in QT exports... getting accurate numbers drives you crazy ;)
 
"third: how could jpeg be 4:2:2 anyway? it's an RGB codec afterall. would be strange to design a codec that switches to YUV at a certain point, even more so for a codec that was designed for photos."

JPEG has always used a chroma difference component stage to help with it's compression ratios. Just because, for photos, the end result is always RGB doesn't mean it can't use chroma difference components as an intermediary!

SO yes, at 75% it's Y'CbCr 4:2:2 and 100% RGB 4:4:4. I have no evidence on the inbetween values.

Graeme
 
Chris - you can always (on a Mac) hold down the Control key to get more precision with the sliders.
 
mike,
thanks a lot, obviously the apple software dwarfs are much cleverer than me ;)
i usually just clicked 20 times to the top right corner of the arrow, if you hit *exactly* the right spot it switches to the precise mode .. but gosh, you sure need patience.
++ chris ++
 
HVX-200 use dv compression with a compression rate of 6.7:1 which is litte more than DV. The codec is well establish and used in the varicam. If there is artifact problems, it must be bug and Panasonic will/must change it.

For the record:
HDCAM, 8-bit bit depth, sampling 3:1:1 and bandwidth 135 Mb/sec.

DVCPRO HD, 8-bit, 4:2:2 and 100Mbit/sec.

HDCAM will give Your 35% more information. I just think Panasonic may work on DVCPRO HD with 150 or 200 Mbs. They have the technology, P2, there Sony does not have it, beta tapes will not work well and blue ray is not on that developed to that level yet.
 
Anders - I agree with the bitrate stuff you're talking about, I don't know if DVCPRO HD is EXACTLY same as DV compression, although I know it is referred to as HD-DV sometimes.

DVCPRO HD is actually a bit over 100 mbit in practice I think - 15.7 MB/sec instead of 12.5.

As for double rate DVCPRO HD - in theory certainly possible, as they did with DVCPRO50 over DVCPRO (their pro twist on miniDV). But that would require new hardware codec chips, new tape formats (if not using tape, and I agree with your argument there), all new infrastructure. So possible, but they have to decide if it is time yet to quasi-obsolete their existing tech...or if they can position everything at an appropriate price point to make everybody feel it is worth it.

Look at what Sony is doing with XDCAM HD - 35mbit is the top data rate, not because of technical limitations, but because they want to keep it far away from the quality of HDCAM for positioning reasons.

-mike
 
Mike - The thing I like with Panasonic its their dedication to the dv-codec. The description I got then dvcpro 50 was introduced was that they use 2 dv-codecs. I assume dvcpro hd is four dv-codecs. Therefore, using six or eigth codecs is indeed an engenering task, but it is not an entire new system.

We have seen that Panasonic trying to replace their dvcpro 50 cameras with p2 versions. Talking to representatives from Panasonic, they talking about an dvcpro hd p2 professional camera (hvx-200 is professional, but I think you understand what I try to say). Why not hit Sony with a camerasystem with better quality than hdcam?

The nice thing with dvcpro hd is that it fits in into my exisiting infrastructure. I can edit it on my Avid Xpress Pro, which I can not with HDCAM. It is not a large problem for the software makers to make a 200 mbs version of their existing dv-codec. For Panasonic, this is an opertunity to take market shares from Sony. At least in Europe, their HD market share is close to nil. Compare to they large share in the 50 mbs market.

But much if this is speculations, maybe NAB or IBC will show some year. Thanks for a nice and informative blog, even for my who use Avid on PC.
 
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